uric acid in women - Gout - Causes, Symptoms and Home Remedies
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Gout - Causes, Symptoms and Home Remedies
The word gout may make you think of kings and medieval history. But gout isn't a disease of the past. It's very much with us today. That's because gout is an inflammatory joint disease and a form of arthritis, not some mysterious illness of the rich and powerful.
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The uric acid tests are used to evaluate the blood levels of uric acid for gout and to assess uric acid levels in the urine for kidney stone formation. The urine test is used most often to monitor patients already diagnosed with kidney stones, but it can also be used to detect disorders that affect the body's production of uric acid and to help measure the level of kidney functioning.
Gout is one of the most common forms of arthritis (joint inflammation). Gout is condition that results from crystals of uric acid depositing in tissues of the body. Gout usually affects the first metatarsal phalangeal joint of the big toe (hallux) or the ankle joints. Gout most often affects the big toe but can also affect the ankle, knee, foot, hand, wrist and elbow. Approximately one million people in the United States suffer from attacks of gout. Gout is nine times more common in men than in women. It predominantly attacks males after puberty, with a peak age of 75. In women, gout attacks usually occur after menopause.
In other patient groups there were reductions in attacks and improvement in tophi reduction. Tophi are those knobbly shaped, awkward looking, lumps of MSU crystals that often develop in longer term gout sufferers.
It occurs more frequently in countries that have a high standard of living. The most common sign of gout is a nighttime attack of swelling, tenderness, redness, and sharp pain in your big toe. There may also be the feeling that the skin around the area is stretching or tearing. There seem to be a number of factors that can cause people to develop gout. Some medications can prevent uric acid from leaving the body. Cyclosporine which is a medication used to suppress the body's immune system and prevent rejection after organ transplant, also increases the risk for developing gout. This can cause a build up of uric acid crystals.
????? Deposits of uric acid crystals around joints and other areas such as the ears. ????? Only one or two joints are affected (initially). ????? Common affected areas include the feet, ankles and the ball of the big toe.
HOW PEGLOTICASE WORKS What makes Pegloticase a very interesting, and more importantly, a hopeful new gout drug, is the way it works. All drugs used in gout try to cure or alleviate the disease by reducing the body's uric acid (UA) levels. They do this by either inhibiting its production or making it easier to remove.
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Precautions Blood test Patients scheduled for a blood test for uric acid should be checked for the following medications: loop diuretics (Diamox, Bumex, Edecrin, or Lasix); ethambutol (Myambutol); vincristine (Oncovin); pyrazinamide (Tebrazid); thiazide diuretics (Naturetin, Hydrex, Diuril, Esidrix, HydroDiuril, Aquatensen, Renese, Diurese); aspirin (low doses); acetaminophen (Tylenol); ascorbic acid (vitamin C preparations); levodopa (Larodopa); or phenacetin. These drugs can affect test results.
There are many natural remedies for Gout, but the most effective may be prevention. Prevention of Gout is only a few lifestyle changes and can significantly reduce the amount of time and irritation that result from the infliction of Gout.
Steve Warshaw - Certified Personal Trainer and Nutritionist With over 15 years expereience developing training and nutrition programs for top level executives from companies such as Microsoft, Boeing, and Symetra Corp, Steve has established himself as a health and wellness expert.
Abnormal results The critical value for the blood test is a level of uric acid higher than 12 milligrams per deciliter (about 3.4 ounces).
Description The uric acid blood test is performed on a sample of the patient's blood, withdrawn from a vein into a vacuum tube. The procedure, which is called a venipuncture, takes about five minutes. The urine test requires the patient to collect all urine voided over a 24-hour period, with the exception of the very first specimen. The patient keeps the specimen container on ice or in the refrigerator during the collection period.
Urine test Reference values for 24-hour urinary uric acid vary from laboratory to laboratory but are generally found within the following range: 250-750 mg/24 hours.
Pegloticase's answer to the excess uric acid level problem is to remove it by ingeniously converting uric acid into something else, a substance called Allantoin. Allantoin is more soluble and better excreted than uric acid. The principle comes from the way most animals do it. They do it by converting UA to Allantoin, but this is something humans cannot do naturally. Hence the formulation of Pegloticase.
Certain foods that are high in purine may increase the patient's levels of uric acid. These include kidneys, liver, sweetbreads, sardines, anchovies, and meat extracts.
In May 2008 the U.S. based company developing Pegloticase made another upbeat statement assessment of what they have learnt in its Phase 3 and open label extension trials. Note that Pegloticase still awaits approval from medical authorities so I am writing here about a new gout drug that is still under development.
Key Terms - Fanconi's syndrome
- A rare disorder caused by vitamin D deficiency or exposure to heavy metals.
- Gout
- A metabolic disorder characterized by sudden recurring attacks of arthritis caused by deposits of crystals that build up in the joints due to abnormally high uric acid blood levels. In gout, uric acid may be overproduced, underexcreted, or both.
- Hyperuricemia
- Excessively high levels of uric acid in the blood, often producing gout.
- Purine
- A white crystalline substance that is one of the building blocks of DNA. Uric acid is produced when purine is broken down in the body.
- Uric acid
- A compound resulting from the body's breakdown of purine. It is normally present in human urine only in small amounts.
- Uricosuria
- Increased levels of uric acid in the urine.
- Wilson's disease
- A rare hereditary disease marked by the buildup of copper in the liver and brain, causing loss of kidney function.
Further Reading For Your Information Books - Laboratory Test Handbook, edited by David S. Jacobs. Cleveland, OH: Lexi-Comp Inc., 1996.
- Mosby's Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference, edited by Kathleen Deska Pagana and Timothy James Pagana. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book, Inc., 1998.
- Springhouse Corporation. Handbook of Diagnostic Tests, edited by Matthew Cahill. Springhouse, PA: Springhouse Corporation, 1995.
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Regularly drinking alcohol interferes with the removal of uric acid from the body and can increase the risk for developing gout Extract the juice of half lemon and pour it in 1 glass of water. Drink it three times in a day.
Abnormally low uric acid levels may indicate that the patient is taking allopurinol or probenecid for treatment of gout; may be pregnant; or suffers from Wilson's disease or Fanconi's syndrome.
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